Transcranial focused ultrasound and electrocorticography-based closed-loop epilepsy control system for an awake rat model

Abstract Neurostimulation with closed-loop interaction is one of the clinical solutions for patients drug-resistant epilepsy. However, there are growing demands an epilepsy control system minimal invasiveness. Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) a promising non-invasive neuromodulation technique controlling epileptic seizures due to its superior spatial specificity and depth penetrability. Here, we demonstrated tFUS-based in combination electrocorticography (ECoG), which provides precise monitoring discharge patients. In-house built 16-ch ECoG electrodes were attached Sprague-Dawley rat’s dura detecting seizure spike-wave proceeding high-frequency oscillations (HFO) discharges. After recovery from surgery, kainic acid (5 mg/kg) was injected generate temporal lobe rat model. An ultrasonic transducer operating at fundamental frequency 300 kHz scalp tFUS stimulation, automatically controlled by based on HFO detection algorithm real-time monitoring. The stimulation right hippocampus 40 Hz pulse-repetition (PRF) 5 % duty cycle induced diminution duration suppression power brain such as theta, gamma bands bilateral hemisphere, compared sham stimulation. Furthermore, developed able adjust sonication protocol spike-wave. We therefore could provide optimized suppression. ultrasound-based inhibiting epileptiform activity providing before generation proposed this study shows potential developing that without additional surgical burden who wearing medical implants or other types intracranial EEG electrodes. Research Category Technology Methods Basic Research: 6. Pulsed Ultrasound (pUS) Keywords: transcranial ultrasound, control, epilepsy,